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package HTTP::Request;
use strict;
use warnings;
our $VERSION = '6.45';
use parent 'HTTP::Message';
sub new
{
my($class, $method, $uri, $header, $content) = @_;
my $self = $class->SUPER::new($header, $content);
$self->method($method);
$self->uri($uri);
$self;
}
sub parse
{
my($class, $str) = @_;
Carp::carp('Undefined argument to parse()') if $^W && ! defined $str;
my $request_line;
if (defined $str && $str =~ s/^(.*)\n//) {
$request_line = $1;
}
else {
$request_line = $str;
$str = "";
}
my $self = $class->SUPER::parse($str);
if (defined $request_line) {
my($method, $uri, $protocol) = split(' ', $request_line);
$self->method($method);
$self->uri($uri) if defined($uri);
$self->protocol($protocol) if $protocol;
}
$self;
}
sub clone
{
my $self = shift;
my $clone = bless $self->SUPER::clone, ref($self);
$clone->method($self->method);
$clone->uri($self->uri);
$clone;
}
sub method
{
shift->_elem('_method', @_);
}
sub uri
{
my $self = shift;
my $old = $self->{'_uri'};
if (@_) {
my $uri = shift;
if (!defined $uri) {
# that's ok
}
elsif (ref $uri) {
Carp::croak("A URI can't be a " . ref($uri) . " reference")
if ref($uri) eq 'HASH' or ref($uri) eq 'ARRAY';
Carp::croak("Can't use a " . ref($uri) . " object as a URI")
unless $uri->can('scheme') && $uri->can('canonical');
$uri = $uri->clone;
unless ($HTTP::URI_CLASS eq "URI") {
# Argh!! Hate this... old LWP legacy!
eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; $uri = $uri->abs; };
die $@ if $@ && $@ !~ /Missing base argument/;
}
}
else {
$uri = $HTTP::URI_CLASS->new($uri);
}
$self->{'_uri'} = $uri;
delete $self->{'_uri_canonical'};
}
$old;
}
*url = \&uri; # legacy
sub uri_canonical
{
my $self = shift;
my $uri = $self->{_uri};
if (defined (my $canon = $self->{_uri_canonical})) {
# early bailout if these are the exact same string;
# rely on stringification of the URI objects
return $canon if $canon eq $uri;
}
# otherwise we need to refresh the memoized value
$self->{_uri_canonical} = $uri->canonical;
}
sub accept_decodable
{
my $self = shift;
$self->header("Accept-Encoding", scalar($self->decodable));
}
sub as_string
{
my $self = shift;
my($eol) = @_;
$eol = "\n" unless defined $eol;
my $req_line = $self->method || "-";
my $uri = $self->uri;
$uri = (defined $uri) ? $uri->as_string : "-";
$req_line .= " $uri";
my $proto = $self->protocol;
$req_line .= " $proto" if $proto;
return join($eol, $req_line, $self->SUPER::as_string(@_));
}
sub dump
{
my $self = shift;
my @pre = ($self->method || "-", $self->uri || "-");
if (my $prot = $self->protocol) {
push(@pre, $prot);
}
return $self->SUPER::dump(
preheader => join(" ", @pre),
@_,
);
}
1;
=pod
=encoding UTF-8
=head1 NAME
HTTP::Request - HTTP style request message
=head1 VERSION
version 6.45
=head1 SYNOPSIS
require HTTP::Request;
$request = HTTP::Request->new(GET => 'http://www.example.com/');
and usually used like this:
$ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;
$response = $ua->request($request);
=head1 DESCRIPTION
C<HTTP::Request> is a class encapsulating HTTP style requests,
consisting of a request line, some headers, and a content body. Note
that the LWP library uses HTTP style requests even for non-HTTP
protocols. Instances of this class are usually passed to the
request() method of an C<LWP::UserAgent> object.
C<HTTP::Request> is a subclass of C<HTTP::Message> and therefore
inherits its methods. The following additional methods are available:
=over 4
=item $r = HTTP::Request->new( $method, $uri )
=item $r = HTTP::Request->new( $method, $uri, $header )
=item $r = HTTP::Request->new( $method, $uri, $header, $content )
Constructs a new C<HTTP::Request> object describing a request on the
object $uri using method $method. The $method argument must be a
string. The $uri argument can be either a string, or a reference to a
C<URI> object. The optional $header argument should be a reference to
an C<HTTP::Headers> object or a plain array reference of key/value
pairs. The optional $content argument should be a string of bytes.
=item $r = HTTP::Request->parse( $str )
This constructs a new request object by parsing the given string.
=item $r->method
=item $r->method( $val )
This is used to get/set the method attribute. The method should be a
short string like "GET", "HEAD", "PUT", "PATCH" or "POST".
=item $r->uri
=item $r->uri( $val )
This is used to get/set the uri attribute. The $val can be a
reference to a URI object or a plain string. If a string is given,
then it should be parsable as an absolute URI.
=item $r->header( $field )
=item $r->header( $field => $value )
This is used to get/set header values and it is inherited from
C<HTTP::Headers> via C<HTTP::Message>. See L<HTTP::Headers> for
details and other similar methods that can be used to access the
headers.
=item $r->accept_decodable
This will set the C<Accept-Encoding> header to the list of encodings
that decoded_content() can decode.
=item $r->content
=item $r->content( $bytes )
This is used to get/set the content and it is inherited from the
C<HTTP::Message> base class. See L<HTTP::Message> for details and
other methods that can be used to access the content.
Note that the content should be a string of bytes. Strings in perl
can contain characters outside the range of a byte. The C<Encode>
module can be used to turn such strings into a string of bytes.
=item $r->as_string
=item $r->as_string( $eol )
Method returning a textual representation of the request.
=back
=head1 EXAMPLES
Creating requests to be sent with L<LWP::UserAgent> or others can be easy. Here
are a few examples.
=head2 Simple POST
Here, we'll create a simple POST request that could be used to send JSON data
to an endpoint.
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use HTTP::Request ();
use JSON::MaybeXS qw(encode_json);
my $url = 'https://www.example.com/api/user/123';
my $header = ['Content-Type' => 'application/json; charset=UTF-8'];
my $data = {foo => 'bar', baz => 'quux'};
my $encoded_data = encode_json($data);
my $r = HTTP::Request->new('POST', $url, $header, $encoded_data);
# at this point, we could send it via LWP::UserAgent
# my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new();
# my $res = $ua->request($r);
=head2 Batch POST Request
Some services, like Google, allow multiple requests to be sent in one batch.
L<https://developers.google.com/drive/v3/web/batch> for example. Using the
C<add_part> method from L<HTTP::Message> makes this simple.
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use HTTP::Request ();
use JSON::MaybeXS qw(encode_json);
my $auth_token = 'auth_token';
my $batch_url = 'https://www.googleapis.com/batch';
my $url = 'https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v3/files/fileId/permissions?fields=id';
my $url_no_email = 'https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v3/files/fileId/permissions?fields=id&sendNotificationEmail=false';
# generate a JSON post request for one of the batch entries
my $req1 = build_json_request($url, {
emailAddress => 'example@appsrocks.com',
role => "writer",
type => "user",
});
# generate a JSON post request for one of the batch entries
my $req2 = build_json_request($url_no_email, {
domain => "appsrocks.com",
role => "reader",
type => "domain",
});
# generate a multipart request to send all of the other requests
my $r = HTTP::Request->new('POST', $batch_url, [
'Accept-Encoding' => 'gzip',
# if we don't provide a boundary here, HTTP::Message will generate
# one for us. We could use UUID::uuid() here if we wanted.
'Content-Type' => 'multipart/mixed; boundary=END_OF_PART'
]);
# add the two POST requests to the main request
$r->add_part($req1, $req2);
# at this point, we could send it via LWP::UserAgent
# my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new();
# my $res = $ua->request($r);
exit();
sub build_json_request {
my ($url, $href) = @_;
my $header = ['Authorization' => "Bearer $auth_token", 'Content-Type' => 'application/json; charset=UTF-8'];
return HTTP::Request->new('POST', $url, $header, encode_json($href));
}
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<HTTP::Headers>, L<HTTP::Message>, L<HTTP::Request::Common>,
L<HTTP::Response>
=head1 AUTHOR
Gisle Aas <gisle@activestate.com>
=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is copyright (c) 1994 by Gisle Aas.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
=cut
__END__
#ABSTRACT: HTTP style request message