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  <div id="documentation">
    <h1 class="class">Rack::Builder</h1>

    <div id="description" class="description">
      
<p><a href="Builder.html">Rack::Builder</a> implements a small DSL to
iteratively construct <a href="../Rack.html">Rack</a> applications.</p>

<p>Example:</p>

<pre>require 'rack/lobster'
app = Rack::Builder.new do
  use Rack::CommonLogger
  use Rack::ShowExceptions
  map &quot;/lobster&quot; do
    use Rack::Lint
    run Rack::Lobster.new
  end
end

run app</pre>

<p>Or</p>

<pre>app = Rack::Builder.app do
  use Rack::CommonLogger
  run lambda { |env| [200, {'Content-Type' =&gt; 'text/plain'}, ['OK']] }
end

run app</pre>

<p><tt>use</tt> adds middleware to the stack, <tt>run</tt> dispatches to an
application. You can use <tt>map</tt> to construct a <a
href="URLMap.html">Rack::URLMap</a> in a convenient way.</p>

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          <a name="method-c-app"></a>

          
          <div class="method-heading">
            <span class="method-name">app</span><span
              class="method-args">(default_app = nil, &block)</span>
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          <div class="method-description">
            
            
            

            
            <div class="method-source-code" id="app-source">
<pre>
<span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/builder.rb, line 58</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-keyword">self</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">app</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">default_app</span> = <span class="ruby-keyword">nil</span>, &amp;<span class="ruby-identifier">block</span>)
  <span class="ruby-keyword">self</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">new</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">default_app</span>, &amp;<span class="ruby-identifier">block</span>).<span class="ruby-identifier">to_app</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
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<pre>
<span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/builder.rb, line 53</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">initialize</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">default_app</span> = <span class="ruby-keyword">nil</span>,&amp;<span class="ruby-identifier">block</span>)
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@use</span>, <span class="ruby-ivar">@map</span>, <span class="ruby-ivar">@run</span>, <span class="ruby-ivar">@warmup</span> = [], <span class="ruby-keyword">nil</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">default_app</span>, <span class="ruby-keyword">nil</span>
  <span class="ruby-identifier">instance_eval</span>(&amp;<span class="ruby-identifier">block</span>) <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">block_given?</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
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        <div id="new_from_string-method" class="method-detail ">
          <a name="method-c-new_from_string"></a>

          
          <div class="method-heading">
            <span class="method-name">new_from_string</span><span
              class="method-args">(builder_script, file="(rackup)")</span>
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            <div class="method-source-code" id="new_from_string-source">
<pre>
<span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/builder.rb, line 48</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-keyword">self</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">new_from_string</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">builder_script</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">file</span>=<span class="ruby-string">&quot;(rackup)&quot;</span>)
  <span class="ruby-identifier">eval</span> <span class="ruby-string">&quot;Rack::Builder.new {\n&quot;</span> <span class="ruby-operator">+</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">builder_script</span> <span class="ruby-operator">+</span> <span class="ruby-string">&quot;\n}.to_app&quot;</span>,
    <span class="ruby-constant">TOPLEVEL_BINDING</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">file</span>, <span class="ruby-value">0</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
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          <a name="method-c-parse_file"></a>

          
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              class="method-args">(config, opts = Server::Options.new)</span>
            <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
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            <div class="method-source-code" id="parse_file-source">
<pre>
<span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/builder.rb, line 32</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-keyword">self</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">parse_file</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">config</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">opts</span> = <span class="ruby-constant">Server</span><span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">Options</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">new</span>)
  <span class="ruby-identifier">options</span> = {}
  <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">config</span> <span class="ruby-operator">=~</span> <span class="ruby-regexp">/\.ru$/</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">cfgfile</span> = <span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">File</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">read</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">config</span>)
    <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">cfgfile</span>[<span class="ruby-node">/^#\\(.*)/</span>] <span class="ruby-operator">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">opts</span>
      <span class="ruby-identifier">options</span> = <span class="ruby-identifier">opts</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">parse!</span> <span class="ruby-node">$1</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">split</span>(<span class="ruby-regexp">/\s+/</span>)
    <span class="ruby-keyword">end</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">cfgfile</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">sub!</span>(<span class="ruby-regexp">/^__END__\n.*\Z/</span>, <span class="ruby-string">''</span>)
    <span class="ruby-identifier">app</span> = <span class="ruby-identifier">new_from_string</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">cfgfile</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">config</span>
  <span class="ruby-keyword">else</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">require</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">config</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">app</span> = <span class="ruby-constant">Object</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">const_get</span>(<span class="ruby-operator">::</span><span class="ruby-constant">File</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">basename</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">config</span>, <span class="ruby-string">'.rb'</span>).<span class="ruby-identifier">capitalize</span>)
  <span class="ruby-keyword">end</span>
  <span class="ruby-keyword">return</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">app</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">options</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
            </div><!-- parse_file-source -->
            
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        </div><!-- parse_file-method -->

      
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      <div id="public-instance-method-details" class="method-section section">
        <h3 class="section-header">Public Instance Methods</h3>

      
        <div id="call-method" class="method-detail ">
          <a name="method-i-call"></a>

          
          <div class="method-heading">
            <span class="method-name">call</span><span
              class="method-args">(env)</span>
            <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          </div>
          

          <div class="method-description">
            
            
            

            
            <div class="method-source-code" id="call-source">
<pre>
<span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/builder.rb, line 152</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">call</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">env</span>)
  <span class="ruby-identifier">to_app</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">call</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">env</span>)
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
            </div><!-- call-source -->
            
          </div>

          

          
        </div><!-- call-method -->

      
        <div id="map-method" class="method-detail ">
          <a name="method-i-map"></a>

          
          <div class="method-heading">
            <span class="method-name">map</span><span
              class="method-args">(path, &block)</span>
            <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          </div>
          

          <div class="method-description">
            
            <p>Creates a route within the application.</p>

<pre>Rack::Builder.app do
  map '/' do
    run Heartbeat
  end
end</pre>

<p>The <tt>use</tt> method can also be used here to specify middleware to run
under a specific path:</p>

<pre>Rack::Builder.app do
  map '/' do
    use Middleware
    run Heartbeat
  end
end</pre>

<p>This example includes a piece of middleware which will run before requests
hit <tt>Heartbeat</tt>.</p>
            

            
            <div class="method-source-code" id="map-source">
<pre>
<span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/builder.rb, line 139</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">map</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>, &amp;<span class="ruby-identifier">block</span>)
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@map</span> <span class="ruby-operator">||=</span> {}
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@map</span>[<span class="ruby-identifier">path</span>] = <span class="ruby-identifier">block</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
            </div><!-- map-source -->
            
          </div>

          

          
        </div><!-- map-method -->

      
        <div id="run-method" class="method-detail ">
          <a name="method-i-run"></a>

          
          <div class="method-heading">
            <span class="method-name">run</span><span
              class="method-args">(app)</span>
            <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          </div>
          

          <div class="method-description">
            
            <p>Takes an argument that is an object that responds to <a
href="Builder.html#method-i-call">call</a> and returns a <a
href="../Rack.html">Rack</a> response. The simplest form of this is a
lambda object:</p>

<pre>run lambda { |env| [200, { &quot;Content-Type&quot; =&gt; &quot;text/plain&quot; }, [&quot;OK&quot;]] }</pre>

<p>However this could also be a class:</p>

<pre>class Heartbeat
  def self.call(env)
   [200, { &quot;Content-Type&quot; =&gt; &quot;text/plain&quot; }, [&quot;OK&quot;]]
 end
end

run Heartbeat</pre>
            

            
            <div class="method-source-code" id="run-source">
<pre>
<span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/builder.rb, line 103</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">run</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">app</span>)
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@run</span> = <span class="ruby-identifier">app</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
            </div><!-- run-source -->
            
          </div>

          

          
        </div><!-- run-method -->

      
        <div id="to_app-method" class="method-detail ">
          <a name="method-i-to_app"></a>

          
          <div class="method-heading">
            <span class="method-name">to_app</span><span
              class="method-args">()</span>
            <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          </div>
          

          <div class="method-description">
            
            
            

            
            <div class="method-source-code" id="to_app-source">
<pre>
<span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/builder.rb, line 144</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">to_app</span>
  <span class="ruby-identifier">app</span> = <span class="ruby-ivar">@map</span> <span class="ruby-operator">?</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">generate_map</span>(<span class="ruby-ivar">@run</span>, <span class="ruby-ivar">@map</span>) <span class="ruby-operator">:</span> <span class="ruby-ivar">@run</span>
  <span class="ruby-identifier">fail</span> <span class="ruby-string">&quot;missing run or map statement&quot;</span> <span class="ruby-keyword">unless</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">app</span>
  <span class="ruby-identifier">app</span> = <span class="ruby-ivar">@use</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">reverse</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">inject</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">app</span>) { <span class="ruby-operator">|</span><span class="ruby-identifier">a</span>,<span class="ruby-identifier">e</span><span class="ruby-operator">|</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">e</span>[<span class="ruby-identifier">a</span>] }
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@warmup</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">call</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">app</span>) <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-ivar">@warmup</span>
  <span class="ruby-identifier">app</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
            </div><!-- to_app-source -->
            
          </div>

          

          
        </div><!-- to_app-method -->

      
        <div id="use-method" class="method-detail ">
          <a name="method-i-use"></a>

          
          <div class="method-heading">
            <span class="method-name">use</span><span
              class="method-args">(middleware, *args, &block)</span>
            <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          </div>
          

          <div class="method-description">
            
            <p>Specifies middleware to use in a stack.</p>

<pre>class Middleware
  def initialize(app)
    @app = app
  end

  def call(env)
    env[&quot;rack.some_header&quot;] = &quot;setting an example&quot;
    @app.call(env)
  end
end

use Middleware
run lambda { |env| [200, { &quot;Content-Type&quot; =&gt; &quot;text/plain&quot; }, [&quot;OK&quot;]] }</pre>

<p>All requests through to this application will first be processed by the
middleware class. The <tt>call</tt> method in this example sets an
additional environment key which then can be referenced in the application
if required.</p>
            

            
            <div class="method-source-code" id="use-source">
<pre>
<span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/builder.rb, line 81</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">use</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">middleware</span>, *<span class="ruby-identifier">args</span>, &amp;<span class="ruby-identifier">block</span>)
  <span class="ruby-keyword">if</span> <span class="ruby-ivar">@map</span>
    <span class="ruby-identifier">mapping</span>, <span class="ruby-ivar">@map</span> = <span class="ruby-ivar">@map</span>, <span class="ruby-keyword">nil</span>
    <span class="ruby-ivar">@use</span> <span class="ruby-operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">proc</span> { <span class="ruby-operator">|</span><span class="ruby-identifier">app</span><span class="ruby-operator">|</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">generate_map</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">app</span>, <span class="ruby-identifier">mapping</span> }
  <span class="ruby-keyword">end</span>
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@use</span> <span class="ruby-operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">proc</span> { <span class="ruby-operator">|</span><span class="ruby-identifier">app</span><span class="ruby-operator">|</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">middleware</span>.<span class="ruby-identifier">new</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">app</span>, *<span class="ruby-identifier">args</span>, &amp;<span class="ruby-identifier">block</span>) }
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
            </div><!-- use-source -->
            
          </div>

          

          
        </div><!-- use-method -->

      
        <div id="warmup-method" class="method-detail ">
          <a name="method-i-warmup"></a>

          
          <div class="method-heading">
            <span class="method-name">warmup</span><span
              class="method-args">(prc=nil, &block)</span>
            <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
          </div>
          

          <div class="method-description">
            
            <p>Takes a lambda or block that is used to warm-up the application.</p>

<pre>warmup do |app|
  client = Rack::MockRequest.new(app)
  client.get('/')
end

use SomeMiddleware
run MyApp</pre>
            

            
            <div class="method-source-code" id="warmup-source">
<pre>
<span class="ruby-comment"># File lib/rack/builder.rb, line 116</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">def</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">warmup</span>(<span class="ruby-identifier">prc</span>=<span class="ruby-keyword">nil</span>, &amp;<span class="ruby-identifier">block</span>)
  <span class="ruby-ivar">@warmup</span> = <span class="ruby-identifier">prc</span> <span class="ruby-operator">||</span> <span class="ruby-identifier">block</span>
<span class="ruby-keyword">end</span></pre>
            </div><!-- warmup-source -->
            
          </div>

          

          
        </div><!-- warmup-method -->

      
      </div><!-- public-instance-method-details -->
    
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