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# Punycode.js [](https://travis-ci.org/bestiejs/punycode.js) [](https://coveralls.io/r/bestiejs/punycode.js) [](https://gemnasium.com/bestiejs/punycode.js)
A robust Punycode converter that fully complies to [RFC 3492](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3492) and [RFC 5891](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5891), and works on nearly all JavaScript platforms.
This JavaScript library is the result of comparing, optimizing and documenting different open-source implementations of the Punycode algorithm:
* [The C example code from RFC 3492](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3492#appendix-C)
* [`punycode.c` by _Markus W. Scherer_ (IBM)](http://opensource.apple.com/source/ICU/ICU-400.42/icuSources/common/punycode.c)
* [`punycode.c` by _Ben Noordhuis_](https://github.com/bnoordhuis/punycode/blob/master/punycode.c)
* [JavaScript implementation by _some_](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/183485/can-anyone-recommend-a-good-free-javascript-for-punycode-to-unicode-conversion/301287#301287)
* [`punycode.js` by _Ben Noordhuis_](https://github.com/joyent/node/blob/426298c8c1c0d5b5224ac3658c41e7c2a3fe9377/lib/punycode.js) (note: [not fully compliant](https://github.com/joyent/node/issues/2072))
This project is [bundled](https://github.com/joyent/node/blob/master/lib/punycode.js) with [Node.js v0.6.2+](https://github.com/joyent/node/compare/975f1930b1...61e796decc) and [io.js v1.0.0+](https://github.com/iojs/io.js/blob/v1.x/lib/punycode.js).
## Installation
Via [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/) (only required for Node.js releases older than v0.6.2):
```bash
npm install punycode
```
Via [Bower](http://bower.io/):
```bash
bower install punycode
```
Via [Component](https://github.com/component/component):
```bash
component install bestiejs/punycode.js
```
In a browser:
```html
<script src="punycode.js"></script>
```
In [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/), [io.js](https://iojs.org/), [Narwhal](http://narwhaljs.org/), and [RingoJS](http://ringojs.org/):
```js
var punycode = require('punycode');
```
In [Rhino](http://www.mozilla.org/rhino/):
```js
load('punycode.js');
```
Using an AMD loader like [RequireJS](http://requirejs.org/):
```js
require(
{
'paths': {
'punycode': 'path/to/punycode'
}
},
['punycode'],
function(punycode) {
console.log(punycode);
}
);
```
## API
### `punycode.decode(string)`
Converts a Punycode string of ASCII symbols to a string of Unicode symbols.
```js
// decode domain name parts
punycode.decode('maana-pta'); // 'mañana'
punycode.decode('--dqo34k'); // '☃-⌘'
```
### `punycode.encode(string)`
Converts a string of Unicode symbols to a Punycode string of ASCII symbols.
```js
// encode domain name parts
punycode.encode('mañana'); // 'maana-pta'
punycode.encode('☃-⌘'); // '--dqo34k'
```
### `punycode.toUnicode(input)`
Converts a Punycode string representing a domain name or an email address to Unicode. Only the Punycoded parts of the input will be converted, i.e. it doesn’t matter if you call it on a string that has already been converted to Unicode.
```js
// decode domain names
punycode.toUnicode('xn--maana-pta.com');
// → 'mañana.com'
punycode.toUnicode('xn----dqo34k.com');
// → '☃-⌘.com'
// decode email addresses
punycode.toUnicode('джумла@xn--p-8sbkgc5ag7bhce.xn--ba-lmcq');
// → 'джумла@джpумлатест.bрфa'
```
### `punycode.toASCII(input)`
Converts a lowercased Unicode string representing a domain name or an email address to Punycode. Only the non-ASCII parts of the input will be converted, i.e. it doesn’t matter if you call it with a domain that’s already in ASCII.
```js
// encode domain names
punycode.toASCII('mañana.com');
// → 'xn--maana-pta.com'
punycode.toASCII('☃-⌘.com');
// → 'xn----dqo34k.com'
// encode email addresses
punycode.toASCII('джумла@джpумлатест.bрфa');
// → 'джумла@xn--p-8sbkgc5ag7bhce.xn--ba-lmcq'
```
### `punycode.ucs2`
#### `punycode.ucs2.decode(string)`
Creates an array containing the numeric code point values of each Unicode symbol in the string. While [JavaScript uses UCS-2 internally](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-encoding), this function will convert a pair of surrogate halves (each of which UCS-2 exposes as separate characters) into a single code point, matching UTF-16.
```js
punycode.ucs2.decode('abc');
// → [0x61, 0x62, 0x63]
// surrogate pair for U+1D306 TETRAGRAM FOR CENTRE:
punycode.ucs2.decode('\uD834\uDF06');
// → [0x1D306]
```
#### `punycode.ucs2.encode(codePoints)`
Creates a string based on an array of numeric code point values.
```js
punycode.ucs2.encode([0x61, 0x62, 0x63]);
// → 'abc'
punycode.ucs2.encode([0x1D306]);
// → '\uD834\uDF06'
```
### `punycode.version`
A string representing the current Punycode.js version number.
## Unit tests & code coverage
After cloning this repository, run `npm install --dev` to install the dependencies needed for Punycode.js development and testing. You may want to install Istanbul _globally_ using `npm install istanbul -g`.
Once that’s done, you can run the unit tests in Node using `npm test` or `node tests/tests.js`. To run the tests in Rhino, Ringo, Narwhal, PhantomJS, and web browsers as well, use `grunt test`.
To generate the code coverage report, use `grunt cover`.
Feel free to fork if you see possible improvements!
## Author
| [](https://twitter.com/mathias "Follow @mathias on Twitter") |
|---|
| [Mathias Bynens](https://mathiasbynens.be/) |
## Contributors
| [](https://twitter.com/jdalton "Follow @jdalton on Twitter") |
|---|
| [John-David Dalton](http://allyoucanleet.com/) |
## License
Punycode.js is available under the [MIT](https://mths.be/mit) license.